Quick-return mechanism.



A. A. BowsEIL QUICKv RETURN MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED Dsc. I. I9I3.

@www @Amm Patented Apr. 2, 1918.

A. A. Bowsm. QUICK RETURN MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED DE. I. |913. I. 1,261,478,

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented Apr. 2, 1918.

@v5/icy E. l

A.- A; BowSER.

QUICK RETURN MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. I. |913.

gag/ 5 14 y11 J6 3 sHETs-SHEET a.

M60 I 4 wanfw Patented Apr. 2, 1918.

ALLEN A. Bowsim. or rom' WAYNE, INDIANA.

QUICK-RETURN MECHANISM. I

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 2, 1918.

Application led December 1, 1918. Serial No. 803,971.

To all whom z't may concern.'

Be it known that I, ALLEN A. 'BowsnR, a citizen of the United States, residing at Fort Wayne, in the county of Allen and 'State :of Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Quick-Return Mechanism, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to quick return mechanism and has for its primary object the provision of improved means whereby a rotatable member to which power is applied at a given speed may be rotated slowly in one direction and more rapidly in the reverse direction.

With the above and other objects in view, this invention consists substantially in the combination, arrangement and construction of parts all ashereinafter described, shown in the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification and show the preferred embodiment of my invention, and more specifically set forth in the Subjoined claims.

In the drawings:

` y Figure 1 is a side elevation of a pump showing my invention in side elevation in corporated therewith;

Fig. 2 is a section of my invention taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. l, looking in the direction indicated by the arrows and with a portion of a gear broken away;

Fig. 3 is a section of my invention taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2 and looking in the direction indicated by the arrow;

Fig. 4 isa section taken on the line 4--1 of Fig. 3 and looking in the direction indicated by the arrows;

Fig. 5 is a section taken approximately on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3 and looking in the direction indicated by the arrows;

Fig. 6 is a section taken on the line 6--6 of Fig. 3, looking in the direction indicated by the arrows and with a bearing plate removed;

Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 6, showing a different position of the parts;

Fig. .8 is a detached view of a gear and annular extension shown in section of Fig. 3;

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a dog employed in the present embodiment of my invention; and y Fig. 10 is a side elevation ofthe dog.

For the purpose of showing a practical application of my invention, I illustrate and describe it as incorporated into the operating mechanism of a reciprocating piston pump, as in my coending application, Serial No. 2,509, file January 16, 1915, but I do not restrict my invention to use in combination with a pump, it being applicable for employment in many different combinations. In this pump the load is carried during the upward stroke of the iston. This pump illustrates a mechanism w erein it is desirable to have a quick return mechanism for the reason lthat the return or downward stroke of the pump is preferably accomplished quickly as compared with the initial or upward load-carrying stroke. This pump in the drawings is generally indicated Reference numeral 10 indicates generally the piston of the pump, which is connected for movement with a piston rod 1l. The piston rod extends upwardly through the upper casing of the pump chamber and is secured to a yoke 12, to the ends of'which are attached rack bars 13 and 14. Each of the rack bars 13 and 14 is in engagement with a driving pinion; the pinion engaging the rack bar 14 is illustrated in Fig. 4.- and bears reference numeral 15. The pinion 15 and its companion pinion (not shown) which engages the rack bar 13, are keyed upon a driving shaft 16 and this driving shaft is, in the present embodiment of my invention, the rotatable member which it is desired to have turn slowly in one direction and more rapidly in the other direction, with a constant speed of the power mechanism.

A. bearing frame 17 is secured to the pump, preferably at its upper end, and the rack 14 is reciprocated in a guideway 18 formed in the bearing frame. One end of the driving shaft 1G is journaled in the bearing frame 17, while the opposite end, which carries a driving pinion (not shown) for engagement with the rack bar 13, is journaled in a suitable bearing lug 19, shown in Fig. 1. By rotation of the shaft 16 and the driving pinions keyed thereto, reciprocation of the.

piston through the racks 13 and 14, the yoke 12 and the piston rod 11 is accomplished. In Fig. 1 is illustrated in full lines the lowermost position of the piston, the piston rod, the yoke and the rack bars, while in dotted lines in the same figure is shown the uppermost position of these parts, a portion of the dotted view having been broken away. Communicating with the guideway 18 (see Figs.

\ 3 and 4) is. an annular space 20 cut in the bearing frame 17 to accommodate [the driving pinion 15. An outwardly protruding 'annular extension 21 is formed upon the driving pinion 15 (see Figs. 3 and 8). rl`his extension is not, however, a comp ete annulus. A pivot pin 22 protrudes outwardly from the outer surface of the driving pinion 15 and about this pin 22 as a center the eX- tension 21 is cylindrically cut away to accommodate a pivoted dog 23, mounted for oscillation upon the pivot pin 22. A bearing plate 24 (see Figs. 2 and 3) is secured 1n any suitable manner toL the extension 21 and is apertured to provide a ysupport for the outer or free end of the pivot pin 22. The bearing plate 24 forms a continuation of the annular extension 21 across A the outer end of the cutaway space provided for the oscillation of the dog 23 and is curved in conformity with the outer end of the extension. The preferable method of securing the bearing plate 24 in position is shown in Fig. 2, wherein two flathead screws 44 are threaded` into apertures rovided inA the outer surface of the extension 21 and have their heads overlapping countersunk cavities in the ends of the bearing plate. A

power sleeve 25 is mounted for rotation upon the driving shaft 16 and extends from the outer surface of the driving inion 15 to a point adjacent the outer end o the driving shaft. A ratchet wheel 26 is formed upon the inner end of the sleeve 25 and disposed within the extension 21, the ratchet wheel being fast' to the sleeve. Likewise formed upon the sleeve and fast thereto is a power pinion 27, preferably somewhat larger in diameter than the ratchet wheel 26 and in juxtaposition to the ratchet wheel upon the sleeve. The sleeve, ratchet and power pinion are preferably formed of one piece of material. Mounted for rotation upon the eXtension21 is a hollow gear wheel 28 inwardly notched as at 29 and of the same width as the extension 21. Protruding from the outer face of the bearing frame 17 is a gear shaft 30, upon which is mounted for rotation a collar 31 having secured thereto a pair of gears 32 and 33, whose teeth are in mesh respectively with the teeth of the power pinion 27 and the teeth of the hollow gear 28. The driving pinion 27 forms, with the gears 32 and 33 and the hollow gear 28, a train of reducing gears. rlhe dog 23, pivoted as before described upon the pin 22, is

; provided at its lower end and upon its outer side with an approximately square shoulder `34, and is also provided at its lower end and Q mannerewith the ratchet wheel 26 in another pos1- tion of the dog to lock the ratchet wheel 26, the extension 21 and the drivin plmon 15 together. Power isapplied to t e sleeve 25 by any suitable means, such, for instance, as the handled crank 36 (see Fig. 1), whlch is secured to the sleeve by means of a key 37- the driving shaft 16 is preferably channeled, as at 38, to admit of the passage of the key 37 through two places in the sleeve 25, but the key has no frictional Contact with the shaft. A continuous peripheral channel 39 (see Figs. 3 and 9) is cut in the extension 21 and in the dog 23, and across this channel, where it passes through the dog, is secured, at right angles to the plane of the channel, a bar 40. Disposed in the channel 39 is a split ring formed of two semi-circular pieces 41 and 42 (See Figs. 3 and 5). At one side of the ring the adjacent ends of the semicircular pieces 41 and 42 bear against opposite sides of the bar 40, and at the other side 0f the ring the spring member 43 forces the adjacent ends of the semi-circular members 41 and 42 apart into Contact with the inner surface of the hollow gear 28. The pressure of the spring member 43 is such that a yielding frictional contact is had between the two portions of the split ring and the inner periphery of the hollow gear 28. By the action of this ring, the rotation of the hollow gear in a clockwise direction causes a, slight turning of the splitring formed of the members 41 and' 42, and a consequent oscillation of the dog 23 upon its pivot 22 into the position most clearly illustrated in Fig. 6, wherein the shoulder 34 is in engagement with one of the internal notches 29 of the hollow gear 28. The rotation of the hollow gear 2 8 in a counter clockwise direction causes a shght turn of the split ring within its channel and an oscillation of the dog 23 into the position shown in Fig. 7 wherein the ratchet point 35 is in engagement with one of thel ratchets of the wheel 26. To accomplish this oscillation of the dog 23,v the split rmg formed of the members 41 and'42 is adapted to move slightly in its channel 39.

llin the operation of my invention, considering the piston 10 of the pump as at the bottom of its stroke and considering, therefore, that it is necessary to rotate the driv in shaft 16 in a clockwise direction, to raise the piston 10 and cause a discharge from the pump, power is applied to the sleeve 25 to rotate it in a clockwise direction at any desired speed. The power thus applied to the sleeve 25 is conveyed through the pinion 27 and the gears 32 and 33 to the hollow gear 28, causing it to rotate also in a clockwise direction. Friction between conveyed through the power pinion 27 and the dog into engagement with one of thev notches 29 on the mner surface of the hollow gear- 28. This locks the hollow gear 28, the extension 21, the driving pinion 15l and the driving shaft 16 together 'for rotation in a clockwise direction, and the continued application of power'to the sleeve 25 in the clockwise direction just described conveys `the power through the pinion 27, the reducing gears 32, 33 and 28, to the extension 2l, the driving gear 15, the driving shaft 1,6, the racks 13 and 14, the yoke l2 and the piston rod 1l to the piston 10, drawing the piston from the posit1on shown in full lines 1n Fig. l to the position shown therein in dotted lines. When the Jpiston 10 has reached the position shown 1n dotted lines in Fig. 1 it 1s at the top of the pump, or, in other words, at the end of its stroke. To return the piston to the bottom of the pump, power is applied to the sleeve 25 in a counter clockwise direction or in a direction reverse to4 that in` which power is applied during the upward ordischarge stroke of the piston. When power is thus applied in a counter clockwise direction to the sleeve 25, it is the gears 32, 33 and 28, causing the hollow gear 28 to be turned in a counter clockwise direction also. Friction between the inner surface of the hollow gear 28 and the outer surface of the split ring members 41 and 42 causes anposcillation of the dog 23 about its pivot in a counter clockwise direction until it assumes the position shown in Fig. 7, wherein the ratchet point 35 engages one of the notches of the ratchet wheel 26 and locks the sleeve 25, the ratchet 26, the eXten- -sion 21, the driving shaft 16 and the driving pinion 15, together for rotation during the continuance of the application of power in a counter clockwise direction to the sleeve 25. During the continued rotation of the sleeve in this counter clockwise direction,

driving pinion 15, causes that pinion to rotate in a counter clockwise direction at a speed greatly increased over the speed of rotation in a clockwise direction; it being noted that the pinion 27 and the gears 32 and 33 are idle during this counter clockwise rotation of the sleeve 25 and it being further noted that for the purposes of driving the pinion 15 the hollow gear 28 is likewise idle, for the only function it performs during the downward or return stroke of the piston is to frictionally engage the split ring members 41 and 42 at the beginnlng of a downward stroke and thus oscillate the dog 23 into the position illustrated in Fig. `7. The continued application of power to to its lower position.

the sleeve 25 in a counter clockwise direction, and at the same speed of revolution as was yapplied to turn it in a clockwise direction, causes the racks 13 and 14, the yoke 12 and the piston rod 11 to drive the plston 10 downward through the pump with a greatly increased speed relatively to the speed with which it was drawn up, or in other words to return the piston quickly It has been found practicable to so regulate the gearing of my invention that a proximately eighteen revolutions of t e 'sleeve 25 in a clockwise direction are required to raise the piston from the bottom to the top of its upward stroke and approximately four revolutions to return the piston to the bottom of the pump.' It will be seen from this explanation that during the upward stroke of the pump, and while power is required to convey the load for the purpose of discharging the capacity of the pump, the power applied to the sleeve 25 in a clockwise direction is conveyed through reducing ears to the piston racks 13 and 14, and t at in the downward or return stroke of the piston the power applied to the sleeve 25 -in a counter clockwise direction is conveyed directly from the sleeve to the driving pinions upon the shaft 16 and the racks 13 and 14. It is to be observed that during the upward stroke of the piston the hollow gear 28 and the extension 21 are locked together for rotation in a clockwise direction but that durin the downward or return stroke ofthe piston relative movement is had between the extension 21 and the hollow gear 28, the hollow gear 28 being idle except for its function of frictionally engaging the split ring members 4l and 42, and the extension 2 turning within the hollow gear 28.

In the accompanying draw-ings and in the foregoing description is set fort-h the preferred embodiment of my invention, but it is obvious that one skilled in the art may make modifications thereof, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

1. ln a two direction driveV mechanism, the combination-of a member to be rotated, a rotatable power element, a train of reducing gears, and means for conveying power in one direction from the power element through the reducing gears to the member to be rotated when the power element is rotated in one direction, and for conveying power in the opposite direction from the power element directly to the member to be rotated when the power. element yis rotated in the other direction.

2. The combination of a member to be rotated, a rotatable power element, speed reducing gears, and means for conveying power in one direction from the power element through the reducing gears to the 130 member to be rotatedy when the power element is rotated in one direction, and for conveying power in the opposite direction from the power element directly to themember to berotated when the power element is rotated in the other direction.

3. The combination of a member to be-rotated, a rotatable power element, a power pinion-upon the power element, a train of gears in mesh with the power pinion, and a device for'connecting the train of gears to the member to be rotated when the power element turns in one direction and for automatically idling the -train of gears and connecting the power elementA directly to the member to be rotated when the direction of turn of the power element is reversed( 4. The combination of reciprocating apparatus carrying a load in one direction and idling in the reverse direction, rotatable driving mechanism operatively connected to the reciprocating apparatus, a rotatable power element, reducing gears connected with the power element, and a device for connecting the reducing gears to the driving mechanism during the load carrying travel of the reciprocating apparatus and for automatically idling the reducing gears and connecting the power element directly to the driving mechanism during the idle travel of the reciprocating apparatus.

5, The combination of a rotatable shaft, a driving element fast upon the shaft, an annular extension fast upon the driving ele-- ment and concentric with the shaft, a power sleeve journaled upon the shaft, a power pinion fast upon the sleeve, a ratchet wheel fast upon the sleeve and fitting within the annular extension, an oscillating dog pivoted in the annular extension, a hollow gear internally notched and journaled upon the annular extension, the dog being provided with a ratchet point for engagement with f the ratchet wheel and with a shoulder for engagement with the notches of the hollow gear, a split ring journaled upon the annular extension and engaging the dog, a spring member acting upon the split ring to vpress it into frictional contact with the hollow gear, and a train of reducing gears in mesh at one end with the power pinion and at the other end with the hollow gear.

6. The combina-tion of a rotatable shaft, atdriving element fast upon the shaft, a power ratchet wheel journaled for rotation uponv the shaft, an annular extension fast upon the the shaft disposed about the power ratchet wheel and provided with a recess, a pivot pin upon the driving element protruding within the `recess and parallelI to the aXis of the shaft, a hollow gear internally notched and journaled upon the annular extension, an oscillating dog uponfthe pivot pin for engagement with the ratchet wheel and the driving element concentric with meinte bers positioned in the `channel for movement therein and each bearing at one of its ends against the bar, a spring member interposed between the opposite ends of the semi-circular members to force them into yielding frictional contact with the 'inner surface of the hollow gear, a ower pinion fast to the power ratchet whee and concentric therewith, and a train of reducing gears in mesh at one end with the power pinion and at the other end with the hollow gear.

7. The combination of a rotatable shaft, a driving element fast upon the shaft, a power ratchet wheel journaled for rotation upon the shaft, an annular extension fast upon thedriving element concentric with the shaft disposed about the power ratchet wheel and provided with a recess, a pivot pin upon the driving element protruding within the recess and parallel with the axis of the shaft, a removable bearing plate spanning the recess and carrying the free end of the pivot pin, a hollow' gear internally notched and journaled upon the annular eX- tension, an oscillating dog upon the pivot pin for engagement with the ratchet wheel and the notches of the hollow gear, an annular channel being provided in said annular extension and the dog, a bar in the dog extending across said channel, two semicircular members positioned in the channel for movement therein and each bearing at one of its ends against the' bar, a spring member interposed between the opposite ends of the semi-circular members to force them into yielding frictional Contact with 105 the inner surface of the hollow gear, a power pinion fast to the power ratchet wheel and concentric therewith, and a train of reducing gears in mesh at one end with the power pinion and at the other end with the 11o hollow gear.

8. rl`he combination of reciprocating 'ap paratus carrying a load in one direction and idling in the reverse direction, rotatable driving mechanism` operatively connected to 11a the reciprocating apparatus, a rotatable power element, reducing gears connected with .the power element, a collarfast to the driving mechanism, a movable member secured to the collar for connecting the reduc- 12@ ing gears to the driving mechanism during the load-carrying travel of the reciprocating apparatus and for automatically idling the reducing gears and connecting the power element directly to the driving mechanism 12b during the idle travel of the reciprocating apparatus, and a friction device interposed between the colla-r and one of the reducing gears and contacting with the movable mem- 9. The combination with a driving element, of an annulus fixed thereto and provided with a recess, a rotatable ratchet wheel fitted within the annulus, a hollow gear internally notched journaled upon the annulus, a dog pivoted in the recess of the annulus having a ratchet point for engagement with the ratchet wheel and a shoulder for engagement with the notches of the hollow gear, and a device actuated by relative movement between the hollow gear and the annulus and contacting with the dog to oscil- -late it.

l0. The combination with a member to be rotated, of a rotatable power element, means for connecting the member and element for rotation at the same speed when the power, element is rotated in one direction, and a gearing connection between the element and the member for driving the member at a reduced speed in the other direction for the same speed of rotation of the power element in the reverse direction.

11. The combination with a member to be rotated, of a rotatablepower element, means to directly connect the member with the element for rotation in one direction, a gearing connection for driving the member when the element is rotated in the opposite direction, and a pivoted pawl dependent for operation upon the direction of rotation of the power element to operatively connect the member and the element in either driving position.

12. The combination with a member to be rotated, of arotatable power element, means to directly connect the member with the element for rotation in one direction, a gearing connection for driving the member whe-n the element is rotated in the opposite direction, a pivoted pawl dependent for operation upon the direction of rotation of the power element to operatively connect the member and the element in either driving position, and a friction ring for operating the pawl.

reciprocable rack and a rotatablemember, a pinion connected to the rack, a power element connected to the member, means to form a direct connection between the element and the pinion for operating the rack in one direction, and a driving connection between the element and the pinion for operating the rack in the reverse direction at a di'erent speed when the power element is rotated in the reverse direction.

14. Quick return mechanism comprising a reciprocable rack and a rotatable member, a power element connected'to the member, a double driving connection between the element and the member comprising means rotatable at the speed of rotation of the power element for moving the rack in one direction when the member is rotated in one direction, and a driving connection between the rack and the power element for driving the rack at a different speed in the reverse diricetion when the member is rotated in the reverse direction.

15. Quick return mechanism comprising a reciprocable driven member and a rotatable driving member, a double driving connection between the reciprocable member and the rotatable member for directly connecting the reciprocable member to the rotatable member for driving the reciprocable member in one direction and for driving the reciprocable member at ay speed .reduced from the speed of the rotatable member when driving the reciprocable member in the other direction, whereby the reciprocable member may be operated slowly on its power stroke and more rapidly on its idle stroke with the same speed of rotation of the driving member.

16. TheJ combination with a member to be rotated, of a rotatable power element, a driving train `to reduce the speed of rotation from the power element to the member, a pivoted pawl to connect the member to the element either directly for one direction of rotation or through the train in the other direction ot rotation, and means comprising a4 friction ring for operating the pawl to effect either driving connection and dependent for operation upon the direction of rotation of the power element.

17. The combination with a member to be rotated, of a rotatable power element, a double driving connection between the member and the element, and means automatically operated and dependent for o eration upon the direction of rotation of tlie power element whereby the rotation of the power element in one direction will effect the rota-A 13. Qulck return mechanism comprising a tion of the member to be rotated at the same speed of rotation as the power element and the rotation of the power element in the other direction will effect the rotation of the member to be rotated at a speed less than the speed of rotation of the power element and in the other direction.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, on this 3rd day of November, A. D. 1913.

s ALLEN A. BOWSER.

Witnesses:

J. R. MATLACK, L. W. THOMAS. 

